Section 404 permit
The Clean Water Act permit required to discharge dredged or fill material into waters of the United States, including many wetlands.
Filling a jurisdictional wetland requires a Section 404 permit from the Army Corps of Engineers. Minor impacts may qualify for a nationwide permit; larger ones require an individual permit, which is a substantially longer and more public process.
Because the permit is a federal action, it can also trigger ESA consultation and historic preservation review. A small wetland in the wrong place can therefore drive a project's entire environmental timeline.
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